Finance & Business World

Banks that want to exit from the U.S. government’s capital injections must demonstrate they can issue debt to private investors without a Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. guarantee, according to people familiar with the matter.

The Treasury will unveil conditions for repaying the Troubled Asset Relief Program money as soon as tomorrow, the people said on condition of anonymity. Banks generally must apply to the Treasury and secure permission from their bank supervisor in order to pay back the government; so far only a handful of small banks have done so.

The new guidance would come before the Federal Reserve’s May 7 publication of results of stress tests on U.S. banks. People familiar with the matter said yesterday that about 10 of the firms will be deemed to need additional capital.

Firms that don’t need stronger buffers may seek to quickly retire existing government stakes. Banks including Goldman Sachs Group Inc., JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Northern Trust Corp. have said they want to repay the money. Both New York-based companies sold debt without FDIC guarantees in the past month, as has Chicago-based Northern Trust.

“My hope is this helps with clarity on who are the winners and who are the losers,” said Joel Conn, president of Lakeshore Capital Inc., which invests $90 million.

Bank of New York

Earlier today, Bank of New York Mellon, another bank taking part in the stress tests, raised $1.5 billion of debt, without FDIC backing. The bank said proceeds from the sale will be used to help repay the $3 billion capital injection it got from the TARP last year.

FDIC Chairman Sheila Bair has said banks need to wean themselves off the debt guarantees as financial markets heal from last year’s crisis. In March, the FDIC extended the time in which banks could issue government-guaranteed debt, while also announcing plans to raise fees on the program. FDIC spokesman Andrew Gray declined to comment today on the Treasury’s repayment policy.

The Treasury’s requirement is that banks must demonstrate an ability to borrow without the government guarantee and does not affect outstanding debt, the people familiar with the matter said approved cash advance. On April 14, a Goldman Sachs executive said the bank did not see a direct link between the debt guarantees and the Treasury’s capital injections.

Debt Sales

“We still have some capacity under the FDIC-guaranteed at pretty attractive spreads,” said David Viniar, the company’s chief financial officer, in an April 14 conference call with investors. “We’ll continue to use that when it’s available, but we expect to continue to raise unguaranteed debt when it’s available as well.”

For banks that need to deepen their reliance on government capital after the stress tests, officials may set limits on their dividends and political lobbying. While it’s unlikely to influence day-to-day operations at the firms, the government won’t be a “hands-off” investor and will take steps to ensure that management is “effective,” Fed Chairman Ben S. Bernanke told lawmakers today.

“It’s obviously not our intention or desire to have long- term government ownership of banks,” Bernanke said at the congressional Joint Economic Committee. Still, he added that it would likely be a “few years” before banks can end their dependence on government capital.

Officials’ “top priority” will be working with the banks to get them on a path toward repaying the taxpayer, including sales of assets or raising private capital, the Fed chief said.

The Obama administration has yet to detail how it intends to implement executive compensation guidelines enacted by Congress, another restriction faced by banks that keep taxpayer funds. The rules limit incentive pay for top executives at banks receiving at least $500 million in rescue funds from the Treasury.

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South Africa’s gold and foreign currency reserves probably rose for a third consecutive month in April as a stronger rand made it cheaper for the central bank to buy dollars.

Gross reserves increased to $34.4 billion from $34.1 billion, according to the median estimate of two economists surveyed by Bloomberg. The Pretoria-based central bank will publish the data on its Web site at 8 a.m. on May 8.

The rand surged 10 percent against the dollar in April, after gaining 11 percent in the previous month, enabling the Reserve Bank to add to reserves. The central bank is under pressure to build reserves to cover rising import requirements, efforts that were undermined since last year by the global financial crisis.

“The bank is likely to take full opportunity of the stronger exchange rate as the current rally may not last,” said Danelee van Dyk, an economist at Standard Bank Group Ltd., Africa’s largest bank. “Foreign exchange purchases are expected to have been more robust than they have been over the past few months.”

Among other economic statistics, Investec Asset Management will today publish its Purchasing Managers Index, which fell to a record low of 36 in March.

The National Association of Automobile Manufacturers of South Africa will release vehicle sales data tomorrow, along with the latest business confidence index from the South African Chamber of Commerce and Industry.

Unemployment

Statistics South Africa is also due to publish first- quarter unemployment data tomorrow. The 21.9 percent jobless rate is the highest of 62 countries tracked by Bloomberg payday cash advance.

On the political front, South Africa’s National Assembly will convene in Cape Town on May 6 for the first time since April 22 elections for the swearing in of 400 legislators from 13 political parties. The legislature will then elect the country’s new president.

African National Congress President Jacob Zuma is virtually assured of securing the post, having been nominated by the ANC, which controls 66 percent of the parliamentary seats. The president’s inauguration is set to take place on May 9.

In corporate news, Sappi Ltd., the world’s largest maker of glossy paper, will report second-quarter earnings tomorrow, while Nedbank Group Ltd. is due to publish first-quarter profit on May 7.

Gold Fields Ltd., the world’s fourth-largest producer of the metal, and Harmony Gold Mining Co., Africa’s third-biggest gold producer, will publish third-quarter earnings this week. The gold price has gained 4.5 percent in the first three months of the year.

Markets

Last week, the benchmark FTSE/JSE Africa All Share Index added 2 percent, snapping three consecutive weeks of declines and paring its drop this month to 0.1 percent.

Government bonds fell in the week, with the yield on the R157 bond, due September 2015, adding 18 basis points, or 0.18 percentage point, to 8.12 percent. Yields move inversely to bond prices.

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