Finance & Business World

Wall Street is poised for further gains amid ongoing evidence of a strong start to the U.S. holiday shopping season and hopes for a plan to deal with the European debt crisis.

Dow futures are up 0.5 percent at 11,555. The broader Standard & Poor’s 500 futures are up 0.6 percent at 1,198.

Markets overseas were boosted again on Tuesday by hopes that the 17 countries that use the euro will finally come up with a plan to deal with their crushing debt crisis.

Italy’s borrowing rates shot up Tuesday to above 7 percent, an unsustainable level on a par with rates that forced the others to seek bailouts.

The fear is that the crisis _ which already has forced bailouts of Greece, Ireland and Portugal _ could engulf bigger economies such as Italy, the eurozone’s third-largest. If Italy were to default on its debt of euro1.9 trillion ($2.5 trillion), the fallout could spell ruin for the euro project itself and send shock waves throughout the global economy.

Though no specific details have yet emerged of what will likely result from a Dec. 9 summit of EU leaders, the ministers are thought to be discussing ideas that would have been taboo only recently: countries ceding fiscal sovereignty to a central authority; some kind of elite group of euro nations that would guarantee one another’s loans _ but require strong fiscal discipline from anyone wanting membership.

On Tuesday, finance ministers also were likely to discuss the options _ plus a possible way to boost the region’s rescue fund, the European Financial Stability Facility, at a meeting in Brussels easy payday loans.

On Monday, stocks advanced strongly, particularly in Europe, with the CAC-40 in France up a massive 5 percent or so.

As a result, the gains Tuesday were not as marked but did provide some further evidence of the hopes that European leaders will finally get their act together in around 10 days time.

In Europe, Germany’s DAX was up 0.2 percent at 5,756, while the CAC-40 fell slightly to 3013. The FTSE 100 index of leading British shares was 0.1 percent higher at 5,320. The euro, meanwhile, was up 0.2 percent at $1.3309.

Earlier, most Asian markets ended higher, with the Nikkei 225 index in Tokyo climbing 2.3 percent to close at 8,477.82.

Elsewhere in Asia, South Korea’s Kospi rose 2.3 percent to 1,856.52 and Hong Kong’s Hang Seng added 1.2 percent to 18,256.20. Benchmarks in Singapore, Taiwan and Australia were also higher.

Mainland Chinese shares advanced, with the benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gaining 1.2 percent to 2,412.39.

Oil prices tracked equities modestly higher _ benchmark crude for January delivery was up 49 cents to $98.70 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange.

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Comedian and commentator Rick Mercer’s distinct take on Canadian politics and social issues can be caught on the Rick Mercer Report every Tuesday at 8 p.m. on CBC. In our series on the financial habits of notable Canadians Mercer told the Toronto Star’s Emily Mathieu about his $19,500 row house, why trying to make a living in show business is a gamble and why entertainers, thanks to the nature of their industry, tend not to retire.

How did your childhood influence your attitude toward money?

My parents were pathological about living within their means and there simply wasn’t a lot of money. So as a family there were no trips to Florida but lots of camping trips, the driveway wasn’t paved (still isn’t) but there was money for music lessons, the house is small and had one bathroom for a family of six but it was paid for.

For people who had relatively little money my parents didn’t actually stress about money because they avoided debt. They certainly made a lot of sacrifices. As kids we knew that they would help out with post secondary education, for example, but the entire time I was growing up I doubt my father ever paid more than a thousand dollars for a truck, and he would paint them with a brush. I can’t actually think of anything that my father needed that he bought new.

Even now if I mention to Dad that I went to Canadian Tire and bought a lawn mower I know what he is thinking “Hmm, bought a new lawn mower, fool and his money”.

What was the best financial advice they passed on?

My father said never loan money to friends or at least never loan money and expect it back. If you are in a position to help a friend that’s great and you are in fact obligated to, but don’t expect it back. He was adamant that allowing a friendship to be damaged because of bad feelings around money is inexcusable.

What was your first big purchase?

My first house. I was 19 years old, I paid $19,500 for a very skinny row house, attached on both sides, attached to 20 other houses and a Chinese take out. The house was essentially condemned; it came with a huge binder of work orders from the city of St. John’s.

I was the cliché of a starving actor and actually couldn’t afford to live in an apartment. Owning the house allowed me to live on my own and concentrate on working in comedy. My cousin and a few friends rented rooms for $75 bucks a month. I financed it with $4,000 down which was money that my parents had planned to give me for university. I had payments of $300 dollars a month on a $15,000 dollar bank loan. The down payment from my parents was a hand up that changed my life.

How do you prefer to pay, cash, card or debit?

I have no preference no fax payday loans. But I’m careful to pay off my cards monthly. Which I understand is a luxury.

Do you bank online?

Very little.

What has been your savviest investment?

Canadian Banks. Boring old Canadian Banks back in the early 90s.

Have you learned any financial lessons the hard way?

Yes I have and the tip I would give for anyone who is playing around in the market is to avoid people with hot tips.

What advice would you give to people about to enter the entertainment industry?

It depends on what area. There are lots of very good stable jobs in the entertainment industry. It’s an exciting industry. That said if a young person says they want to be a professional actor or musician I generally say don’t. A person doesn’t become an actor, a musician or a dancer because other people encouraged them, they do it because they have to, it is in their blood and they can’t imagine doing anything else.

If you can imagine doing something else you should probably concentrate on that. Being an artist or a performer is a very difficult life, there is no job security. In show business you can’t make a living but you can make a killing, it is a big gamble.

Was there a moment in your career where you felt you had achieved financial security?

Yes and no I don’t care to elaborate.

Do you worry about retirement?

I don’t worry about retirement but I do worry about not working. One of the great things about being an actor or a writer is you never have to stop working. I look forward to playing a crotchety old man.

But all actors worry about not working. When I bump into Gordon Pinsent he will talk about work, where the next job is, etc. He’s worked more than almost any actor alive, he could have retired comfortably decades ago but he is an actor and that’s what actors do, they worry about their next job.

Can money buy happiness?

It certainly doesn’t hurt. Anyone who says otherwise is lying. Money can mean not having to worry about paying the bills and there is no doubt about it for the vast majority of people that is the number one cause of stress in their life. But it all comes back to living within your means.

I’m sure there are people with massive salaries and five million dollar cottages in Muskoka they visit for two weeks a year stressing about bills at the end of the month. So one thing we do know is money can’t buy smarts.

Are money and success the same thing?

Absolutely not.

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A former executive of KV Pharmaceutical Co. has accused the Bridgeton-based drug maker of cheating her out of stock options.

Melissa Hughes, the company’s former vice president of human resources, filed a lawsuit Oct. 28 in the Circuit Court of St. Louis County. Her suit was transferred recently to federal court in St. Louis.

Hughes, who resides in St. Charles County, worked at KV from 2003 until 2010.

KV executives could not be reached for comment.

According to the lawsuit, KV awarded Hughes a stock option plan in February 2009, which granted her the right to purchase 40,000 shares of KV’s Class A common stock at $2.95 per share. Two months later, the suit alleges, KV gave her a “retention incentive” that granted her the right to purchase an additional 10,000 shares of Class A common stock at $1.52 per share.

The retention incentive, the suit alleges, was given “for the purpose of retaining her as a key employee with critical and confidential knowledge concerning the financial well-being of the company” because the loss of Hughes and other key workers would have resulted in an exodus of talented employees.

In exchange for continuing to work at KV, the suit alleges, Hughes continued to work at the drug maker “and diligently pursued their economic objectives, and did so at great peril to her long term financial well-being” as the company verged on bankruptcy during the period from April 2009 through September 2010 payday loan lenders.

KV officials acted in bad faith by failing to inform her that her stock options could not be exercised due to the company’s delays in filing its 2009 and 2010 annual reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the suit alleges. In addition, the suit alleges that KV officials repeatedly blocked Hughes’ attempts to exercise her stock options in 2010 and 2011.

According to the suit, KV’s former chief executive David Van Vliet told Hughes that her stock options “would be worth $2 million,” but the suit did not specify what period of time Vliet may have referenced. Vliet could not be reached Friday for comment.

Hughes claims that during the time period when she attempted to exercise her stock options from June 2010 to June 2011, the fair market value of KV stock was well above the option purchase price as set forth in her stock option agreements.

According to Bloomberg News, the average price of KV’s common shares during that time period was $3.17, with a low of 61 cents and a high of $13.07.

Hughes was notified last June that KV’s board of directors had canceled her stock options because they had expired before being exercised, the suit alleges.

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India’s Cabinet decided Thursday to allow more direct foreign investment in the nation’s huge retail industry, a move that could strengthen the country’s food supply chain and open India to giant global retailers such as Wal-Mart.

The Cabinet approved 51 percent foreign direct investment in multibrand retail and increased the FDI cap in single-brand retail to 100 percent despite resistance from both allies and opposition parties.

India currently allows 51 percent foreign investment in single-brand retailers and 100 percent for wholesale operations.

Top retailers like Wal-Mart, Carrefour, Tesco and IKEA have long lobbied to free the policy further. Foreign multibrand retailers have Indian partners in wholesale operations now but have no retail presence in the country of 1.2 billion people.

The spokesman for the ruling Congress party, Abhishek Manu Singhvi called the decision “centrist and reasonable.” He was speaking to NDTV news channel.

The main opposition, the rightwing Bharatiya Janata Party, decried the move.

“The government has clearly bowed to international pressure,” Chandan Mitra, a spokesman told the same TV channel.

Wal-Mart, British-based Tesco PLC and French-based retailer Carrefour welcomed the decision.

“We believe that allowing 51 percent FDI in multi-brand retail is a first important step,” Raj Jain, president of Walmart India, said in an e-mailed statement. “However, we will need to study the conditions and the finer details of the new policy and the impact that it will have on our ability to do business in India,” the statement added.

“Allowing foreign direct investment in retail would be good news for Indian consumers and businesses, and we await further details on any conditions,” Tesco said in its statement.

Tesco currently has a franchise arrangement with Tata Group’s Star Bazaar hypermarket chain, supplying merchandies to outlets in India.

Carrefour opened a New Delhi store last year and would not say what explansion plans might lie ahead.

“This legal evolution should contribute to modernize the Indian food supply chain and to fight against food inflation for the benefit of Indian customers,” its statement said. It added the decision would help India’s farmers and the nation’s general economic development.

Ashish Sanyal, managing director of AMP Retail Services Pvt. Ltd, said, “It’s a good decision that will benefit everyone.” He is a consultant who helps retailers enter India.

More details on the Cabinet decision were not immediately available.

India’s $400 billion retail market is the nation’s second-largest employer, after agriculture, according to consulting firm Deloitte.

Advocates see the move as a way to strengthen India’s almost absent food supply chain _ which is so beset by spoilage, poor infrastructure, hoarding and middlemen that the government estimates some 30 percent of produce rots in a nation with soaring food costs and tens of millions who go to bed hungry each night.

If companies like Wal-Mart and Tesco are allowed to open shops of their own, they may invest billions in improving farming techniques and getting produce into stores more efficiently, bringing down food inflation _ which has averaged 10.5 percent over the last year _ and possibly improving rural incomes.

The Ministry of Commerce says it will cost 76.9 billion rupees ($1.7 billion) to build the additional 35 million metric tons of food storage India needs.

In a July paper, it suggested that loosening restrictions on foreign investment in India’s retail sector could be the best way to get more storage space built.

Yet the country has struggled to find consensus because of concerns about what it would mean millions of small shopkeepers as well as the poor.

Sanyal said small businesses had nothing to fear.

“At the end of the day this is like the high tide. All boats will rise. We will learn from the big retailers.”

Political deadlock on long-promised reforms like this has helped cool foreign investor interest in India. Policymakers are under acute pressure to find ways to attract foreign currency to help strengthen the rupee, which hit an all-time low against the dollar this week.

Traders say the central bank has been buying rupees in recent days but those measures are unlikely to reverse the currency’s plunge absent more far-sighted policy reform.

In July, this year a government committee studying multi-brand retail had cleared the idea and suggested $100 million as minimum investment for foreign companies.

The discussions on opening up India’s retail sector have been going on for 10 years.

“There is a limit to how much time we can spend on a decision,” Singhvi said.

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Walmart has already posted maps online showing where low-priced laptops and Xbox 360 consoles will be placed throughout its stores on Black Friday.

Old Navy is handing out a limited number of free digital cameras to customers who spend at least $40. And Best Buy is playing the movie “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2″ on a big screen and offering free kettle corn and energy drinks to folks waiting in line outside of its Fairview Heights store.

And yes, many stores and shopping malls are opening earlier than ever

Property and casualty insurer Alleghany Corp. has agreed to buy the insurer Transatlantic Holdings Inc. in a cash-and-stock deal valued at about $3.4 billion.

The companies say the deal values Transatlantic at about $59.79 per share. That’s a 10 percent premium to the company’s $54.43 Friday closing stock price.

New York-based Transatlantic had been courted by several businesses, receiving takeover offers from Validus Holdings Ltd. and a unit of Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway Inc., National Indemnity Corp. It also said in October that it had started confidential talks with an unnamed party.

In the deal with Alleghany, Transatlantic stockholders will receive 0.145 shares of Alleghany and $14.22 in cash for each share they own.

The companies say the deal announced Monday is expected to close early next year.

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The bottom line is that Germany is likely to be the last man standing. The Euro is important to them and the responsibility for saving it will be decided in Berlin - not Paris, Brussels, or Frankfurt. It will be messy and will involve revamping the main treaty - the Treaty of Lisbon cashadvance.

Cam Harvey provides an overview of some of the finer points. Click here for blog.

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J.M. Smucker Co. said Thursday its fiscal second-quarter net income fell 15 percent as the food maker’s ingredient costs increased.

The maker of Folger’s coffee, Jif peanut butter and its namesake spreads, like most of its food maker peers, has raised prices to offset soaring costs for ingredients. But companies face a tricky balance between covering costs and not alienating consumers with higher prices. Smucker’s total volume fell 1 percent during the quarter.

Meanwhile, the company’s cost for goods such as oil, flour, milk and peanuts rose 30 percent.

“We are effectively managing this period of significant cost inflation,” said CEO Richard Smucker in a statement. Raising prices on products helped the company grow revenue 18 percent.

Orville, Ohio-based J.M. Smucker earned $127.2 million, or $1.12 per share, from August through October. That compares with $149.7 million, or $1.25 per share, in the same quarter last year.

Excluding one-time items, net income totaled $1.29 per share. That fell short of analyst expectations of $1.39 per share, according to FactSet.

Revenue rose to $1.51 billion from $1.28 billion last year. Analysts expected $1.5 billion.

Shoppers bought more items such as Pillsbury baking mixes and Jif peanut butter, but sales of non-branded drinks, Crisco oils, Folgers coffee and Pillsbury flour fell.

Ingredient costs, particularly for green coffee and peanuts, are expected to remain high for the rest of the year, and the company plans further price increases through April, the end of its fiscal year

Coffee has been an increasing focus for J.M. Smucker. It announced in October that it was buying a chunk of Sara Lee Corp.’s North American coffee and tea foodservice operations for $350 million. The two companies also announced plans at the time for a long-term partnership to work on a new liquid coffee drink.

On Thursday, J.M. Smucker also lowered its full year guidance due to costs related to issuing $750 million in long-term debt in October.

It now expects earnings, excluding restructuring, merger and integration costs and other one-time items, to be $4.90 to $5, from a prior range of $5 to $5.15 per share. Analysts expect net income of $5.11 per share.

The news came as J.M. Smucker said it is recalling 3,000 16-ounce jars of its Smucker’s Natural Peanut Butter Chunky from stores in several states because of possible salmonella contamination.

Another 16,000 jars included in the recall never left warehouses.

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London officials attached eviction notices to protest tents outside St. Paul’s Cathedral on Wednesday, asking the demonstrators to remove them within a day or face legal action.

The notices posted by the City of London Corporation said the protest camp was “an unlawful obstruction” of a sidewalk, and asked protesters to take down “all tents and other structures” by 6 p.m. (1800 GMT, 1 p.m. EST) Thursday.

The cathedral and the corporation had suspended legal action to remove the camp two weeks ago, and offered the protesters a deal to allow them to stay until the new year if they then agreed to leave. But the corporation said Tuesday that talks had failed and it was resuming legal action.

If the tents are not removed, the corporation says it will go to court seeking an eviction notice _ a process that could take weeks.

More than 200 tents have been pitched outside the iconic church since Oct. 15 in a protest against capitalist excess inspired by New York’s Occupy Wall Street, and the protesters said they would resist attempts to move them.

“We will contest it,” spokeswoman Naomi Colvin said. “We will be speaking to our legal team and we will be fighting it.”

The governing Chapter of St. Paul’s Cathedral said in a statement that it recognized “the local authority’s statutory right to proceed with the action it has today,” but would continue to meet with protesters in a bid to find a peaceful solution.

Police in the U.S. have been moving in to clear away similar protests, breaking up camps in Portland, Oregon, on Sunday, Oakland, California, on Monday and on Tuesday in New York, where about 200 people were arrested.

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The millions that Jon Corzine amassed as head of Goldman Sachs have become an alluring target for investors who were crushed by the collapse of MF Global, the brokerage firm he led until earlier this month.

And Corzine isn’t the only one who may be financially vulnerable after the eighth-largest bankruptcy in U.S. history. Others include MF Global’s other top executives; its auditor, PricewaterhouseCoopers; and some big Wall Street banks.

Even MF Global itself, which can’t be sued while in bankruptcy protection, could sue its former executives.

Corzine and other senior executives likely share a liability insurance policy to cover potential lawsuits against them. But experts say potential damages sought could well exceed the limits of their policy.

Corporate bankruptcy is a “litigation nightmare: Everyone ends up suing everyone,” said Charles Elson, a professor and director of the Weinberg Center for Corporate Governance at the University of Delaware. “The officers and directors are in for a lot of litigation.”

Private litigation has already begun. At least two class-action lawsuits on behalf of MF Global shareholders have been filed against Corzine and three other top executives. They accuse the firm and its top executives of making false and misleading statements about MF Global’s financial strength, internal controls and cash balances.

MF Global filed for bankruptcy protection on Oct. 31 after a disastrous bet on European government debt. In just a week, stock investors lost about $585 million, the shareholders say.

More than $600 million in clients’ money is still missing. Regulators say MF Global moved the money out of client accounts within days as the firm’s cash dried up.

No one at MF Global has been charged with a crime or civil violation. But regulators and the FBI and other criminal investigators are investigating MF Global’s failure, and Corzine has hired a prominent white-collar defense attorney.

A public relations firm hired by Corzine declined to comment Monday. An MF Global spokeswoman had no immediate comment. And Corzine’s lawyer didn’t immediately a return call.

It isn’t clear just how much money Corzine is worth. He spent roughly $100 million of his fortune to win a U.S. Senate seat and the New Jersey governorship. In 2005, the last full year that he was a U.S. senator, he was estimated to be worth between $125 million and $175 million.

Corzine’s disclosure filings as governor, through 2009, provide less detail on his finances. They do show he held interests in real estate partnerships, investment companies, hedge funds and private equity funds.

After the MF Global bankruptcy, Corzine declined to take his $12 million severance pay.

Legal experts say Corzine could be held personally liable for misrepresenting to investors the risks that the firm had taken payday advance online.

MF Global didn’t list the European debt on its balance sheet for all to see. Instead, those holdings were shifted to the company’s “off-balance sheet,” deep in its financial statements. Some separate filings with regulators excluded the European debt entirely.

Under a 2002 anti-corporate fraud law _ which Corzine co-wrote as a U.S. senator _ CEOs of public companies must personally certify the accuracy of their company’s financial statements.

If client money was used by the firm for its own purposes, Corzine could be held responsible, said Thomas Ajamie, an attorney who specializes in financial fraud cases.

“That would be the house gambling with customers’ money,” Ajamie said.

Other top MF Global executives also could face legal jeopardy, experts say. And members of the board of directors could be accused of failing to properly oversee Corzine’s trading strategy and the firm’s risk management.

PricewaterhouseCoopers, MF Global’s auditors, could be targeted, too. So could the Wall Street banks that put up money for floating the firm’s own bonds.

With MF Global in bankruptcy, new potential litigants could step forward, in addition to civil and criminal authorities and shareholders. The trustee the bankruptcy court appointed will conduct an investigation and could sue top executives on behalf of the company to recover money for creditors.

“Anyone who has a deep pocket gets sucked in,” Elson said.

Major companies typically provide liability insurance for top executives and their directors. The insurance covers the legal costs in case they’re sued by shareholders or others and the damages they might have to pay.

The insurance provides a single pot of money for executives and board members, usually in the hundreds of millions of dollars. Companies offer the insurance as a perk to recruit executive talent, experts say. The insurance kicks in if executives or directors are accused of breaches of duty and “wrongful acts” that stop short of fraud, such as misstatements to investors.

Experts say the damages or penalties that could be sought in MF Global’s case could far outstrip executives’ insurance coverage. That’s because multiple parties could sue each executive or director for tens of millions. The payouts could exceed each official’s share of the coverage.

Craig Welin, a lawyer at Frandzel Robins Bloom & Csato, which specializes in bankruptcy and financial litigation, said he thinks Corzine could be tied up in litigation for five to 10 years.

“They’ll be looking under every rock,” Welin said. “And if that rock has deep pockets, they’ll look even closer.”

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